Sabtu, 21 April 2012

exercise 3

1. Which of the following is NOT true ?

A.   Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
B.   The games were held in Greece every four years.
C.   Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
D.   Poem glorified the winners in song.

Answer: C. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.


Reason: Battles were not interrupted, but halted to allow the games to take place. look in line 15: Originally these contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place.

2. The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning to…
A.  aristocracy
B.   Brave
C.   intellectuals
D.   muscular

Answer: A. aristocracy

Reason: elite has the closest meaning with aristocracy. In Bahasa Indonesia, Elite mean kaum atas and aristocracy mean kaum ningrat.

3. Why were the Olympic Games held?
A.   To stop wars
B.   To honor Zeus
C.   To crown the best athletes
D.   To sing songs about the athletes

Answer: B. To honor Zeus

Reason: Look in line 1: the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief God, Zeus.

4.Approximately how many years ago did these games originate?

A.   800 years
B.   1200 years
C.   2300 years
D.   2800 years
Answer: D. 2800 years

Reason: 776 B.C to 0 is 776 years + 2012 (current year) = 2788 years.

5.What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks?

A.   They were pacifists
B.   They believed athletic events were important
C.   They were very simple
D.   They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates

Answer: B. They believed athletic events were important

Reason: look in line 18: The greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four year cycles called Olympiads.

6.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.   Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
B.   The Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs
C.   The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
D.   The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over

Answer: A. Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks.
Reason: look in line 7: The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of youth.

7. In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to…

A.   Accomplishments
B.   Ancestors
C.   Documents
D.   Property
Answer: A. Accomplishments
Reason: Deeds has the closest meaning with accomplishment. In Bahasa Indonesia, deeds mean perbuatan and accomplishment mean pencapaian.

8. Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing in the Olympics?
A.   They must have completed military service.
B.   They had to attend special training sessions
C.   They had to be Greek males with no criminal record
D.   They had to be very religious

Answer: C. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record

Reason: Look in line 6: but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record.

9. The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as…

A.   Encourages
B.   Started
C.   Curtailed
D.   Fixed
Answer: C. Curtailed

Reason: halted has the closest meaning with Curtailed. In Bahasa Indonesia, Halted mean memberhentikan and curtailed mean membatasi.

10. What is an “Olympiad”?

A.   The time it took to finish the games
B.   The time between games
C.   The it took to finish a war
D.   The time it took the athletes to train

Answer: B. The time between games

Reason: look in line 18: The greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four year cycles called Olympiads.



Stylistic  Problems

1.The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions…..

A.   Because he was afraid it would incriminate him
B.   For fear that they will incriminate him
C.   Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
D.   Fearing that he will be incriminated by it
Answer: C. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
Reason: Because the answer and the question is match in tenses.

2.Mrs.Walker has returned…..

A.   A wallet back to its original owner
B.   To its original owner the wallet
C.   The wallet to its originally owner
D.   The wallet to its original owner
Answer: D. The wallet to its original owner
Reason:  option A is redudancy(return and back), option B mean Mrs. Walker has an owner, the word originally option C is adverb and cannot used for this sentence

3.The hospital owes……for the construction of the new wing.
A.   The government twenty million dollars
B.   For the government twenty million dollars
C.   To the government twenty million dollars
D.   Twenty million of dollars to the government

Answer: D. Twenty million of dollars to the government
Reason: Because the answer and the question is match in tenses and the answer can fill the blank sentence well.

4.Sarah…..that she could not attend classes next week

A.   Told to her professors
B.   Said her professors
C.   Told her professors
D.   Is telling her professors

Answer: D. Is telling her professors
Reason: The tenses must be present continuous because the event is happening now.

5.The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because…
A.   He painted very good
B.   They believed he painted well
C.   Of their belief that he was an good artist
D.   The judges had been told of his talents

Answer: C. Of their belief that he was an good artist

Reason: the word "because" is match well with "of" in option C (Of their belief that he was an good artist)

6.If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and have to pay a fine.

Incorrect: D. have to pay a fine
Reason: The sentence is parallelism, have to pay a fine should be replaced by fined.

7.Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night because he had  an accident on his way to the practice

Incorrect: C. he had
Reason: The accident is already happen so we use past perfect tense (s + had + v-3)

8.A short time before her operation last month , Mrs.Carlyle  dreams of her daughter who lives overseas.

Incorrect: C. dreams

Reason : the dream happen last month so it should be dreamed

9.The atmosphere in Andalucia is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all who have the good fortune to visit there.

Incorrect: B. gives a welcome feeling

Reason: The sentence is parallelism so instead of "gives a welcome feeling" it should be "welcoming"

10.Some of the people were standing in the street watched the parade, while others were singing songs.

Incorrect: C. watched

Reason : The sentence is present continous tense so instead of "watched" it should be "watching"

Rabu, 04 April 2012

Fuel price hike from my perspective

Lately, our country was shocked by the discourse of the fuel price increase is planned to be implemented starting in April 2012. As a student, I do not want to just be people who are blind, who are always trying to turn a blind eye to the problems in this country. In this paper, I will express my opinion as a scholar of rising fuel prices.

Logic One:
Facts about the rise in world oil prices reach $ 122.01 per barrel on Monday, March 19, 2012 can not be denied anymore. Based on the article I read in www.republika.co.id, one of the causes of rising world oil prices are tensions in the Middle East. Mohammad bin Dhaen al-Hamli (Minister of Energy United Arab Emirates) said that there are many tensions in oil producing countries that inflate the price of oil today.

Raising fuel prices is like fruit simalakama to swallow by the Government. When fuel prices are not raised, the government must bear the greater costs for fuel subsidies would have to give up the budget and other expenses such as education and energy subsidies such as electricity, gas and so forth. Friend is not whether we are aware, that the high and low fuel prices is not something that can make us a decent living.

Although fuel prices are not something that can make our lives better or worse, but the increase in fuel prices in Indonesia are directly impacted surprise (shock therapy) for the community, particularly the lower middle class. Want to know the impact (shock therapy) increase in fuel? note the following simple description.

exercise

1. F : Nobody know when the process of glass-making was invented.

T : Nobody knows when the process of glass-making was invented.

Wrong word : know

The reason : 'Nobody' is a singular so the verb must be followed by s/es

2. F : The languages of the world presents a vast array of structural similarities and differences.

T : The languages of the world present a vast array of structural similarities and differences.

Wrong word : presents

The reason : because 'the languages' is a plural subject so it must not be followed by s/es in the end of the verb.

3. F : The rise of multinationals have resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity because multinationals can operate in so many jurisdictions.

T : The rise of multinationals has resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity because multinationals can operate in so many jurisdictions.

Wrong word : have

The reason : 'The rise' is a singular subject so it must use 'has'.

4. F : All of the east-west interstate highways in the United States has even numbers, while north-south interstate highways are odd-numbered.

T : All of the east-west interstate highways in the United States have even numbers, while north-south interstate highways are odd-numbered.

Wrong word : has

The reason : 'highways' is a plural subject so it must use 'have'.

5. F : When a massive star in the large Magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave of neutrinos were defected on Earth.

T : When a massive star in the large Magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave of neutrinos was defected on Earth.

Wrong word : were

The reason : 'a wave' is a singular subject so it must be followed by 'was'.

6. F : Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes are occupied by the white-crowned sparrow.

T : Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes is occupied by the white-crowned sparrow.

Wrong word : are

The reason : 'every open space' is a singular subject so it must be followed by 'is'.

7. F : Krakatao is remembered as the volcano that put so much ash into the air that sunsets around the world was affected for two years afterward.

T : Krakatoa is remembered as the volcano that puts so much ash into the air that sunsets around the world was affected for two years afterward.

Wrong word : put

The reason : 'krakatao' is a singular subject so the verb must be followed by s/es in the end of the word.

8. F : The term “Yankee” was originally a nickname for people from New England, but now anyone from the United States are referred to as a Yankee.

T : The term “Yankee” was originally a nickname for people from New England, but now anyone from the United States is referred to as a Yankee.

Wrong word : are

The reason : 'anyone' is a singular verb so it must use 'is'.

9. F : A network of small arteries,mostly sandwiched between the skin and the underlying muscles,supply blood to the face and scalp.

T : A network of small arteries, mostly sandwiched between the skin and the underlying muscles, supplies blood to the face and scalp.

Wrong word : supply

The reason : 'a network' is singular subject so it must be followed by s/es.

10. F : Mesquite is a small tree in the Southwest who can withstand the severest drought.

T : Mesquite is a small tree in the Southwest that can withstand the severest drought.

Wrong word : who

The reason : 'Mesquite' is not a person so it can not use 'who' but use 'that'.